The purpose of the present volume is to complete Bengt Kyhlberg’s thesis Musik i Uppsala under stormaktstiden, 1974 (Music at Uppsala during the Swedish great power period, part 1) using the already finished material he wrote with a view to publish it as part 2 for the university jubilee in 1977, something he did not fulfill. I have taken advantage of his systematized inventories of musical notices available in the Musik- och teaterbiblioteket, Stockholm (Music and theatre library) in the “collection Bengt Kyhlberg”. Several biographies of organists, organ builders and students and the chapter on the construction of the big organ in the cathedral were already finished and have been marked with BK to distinguish Bengt Kyhlberg as the author. I have chosen to emphasize the affinity between Part 1 and Part 2 by continuing the various chapters with their subdivisions. At the same time, Part 2 should be able to stand on its own two feet, which is why the reader receives a brief recapitulation in each section. Part 1 had the dual purpose of showing that the inventory of archives functions as a musicological method and to use the extracted information about music to account for the music in Uppsala until 1660. The method gained recognition and it has since been utilized by other researchers. Due to the fact that the archives related to Uppsala from 1660 onwards are becoming more extensive and complete, the account in Part 2 stands on a firmer ground and becomes more detailed. The number of biographies of music-active persons in Part 1 are 220, while in Part 2 they are 590, of which the most prominent people require a lot of space. It has therefore been found appropriate to assemble the biographies in their own volume.