The contribution focuses on analyzing the material sources from the medieval period in the Mount Amiata area in Tuscany, examining the historical and ideological significance of the main architectural types associated with the exercise of public and publicistic power between the 10th and 12th centuries. Through the study of three architectural typologies – the rural palatium, the church with a two-tower facade, and the lordly tower – a methodological approach based on light archaeology is proposed to understand medieval political ideologies. By integrating stratigraphic principles and non-stylistic historical-architectural theories, the relationship between architecture and political power is highlighted, demonstrating how buildings reflect the ideologies of their commissioners and contribute to the legitimization of public power. Furthermore, the historical-archaeological context of medieval Amiata is discussed, hypothesizing that the commissioning of such buildings may be associated with high-ranking political figures.