This contribution represents a synthesis of the literature review conducted on the topic of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Higher Education, with particular attention to orientation and human learning processes. The analysis has identified two main macro-themes. The first focuses on the current state of the art and future prospects of AI usage in Higher Education, distinguishing between technical and technological approaches and those more pedagogical in nature. Possible benefits emerge - such as increased personalization of orientation, teaching, and learning - although widespread adoption is still hindered by factors including limited resource availability and ethical and legal concerns. The second macro-theme identifies six educational challenges related to AI that require an interdisciplinary approach, particularly to address issues related to literacy in the use of new technologies, ethics, privacy, and data security. The conclusions emphasize that AI could widen the gap between technological advancement and its integration in Higher Education, highlighting the urgency of a deeper understanding of the implications and necessary adaptation by Universities and society in general, in order to ensure that educational processes are increasingly equitable and inclusive.