Funded publications
Now showing items 301-400 of 459
Chapter 5 Respiratory Syncytial Virus
(2016)
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has an estimated global incidence of 33 million cases in children younger than 5 years, with 10% requiring hospital admission and up to 199,000 dying of the disease. There is ...
Chapter 7 Finding the global in the local
(2020)
Numerous studies describe the genetic make-up of populations living outside Europe and North America. Many of these tackle human genetic variation with the explicit aim of identifying gene variants of medical significance ...
Animals and the Shaping of Modern Medicine
(2018)
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book breaks new ground by situating animals and their diseases at the very heart of modern medicine. In demonstrating their historical significance as subjects and ...
Chapter 1 Patterns of Death, 1800-2020
(2021)
This chapter provides a brief introduction to mortality patterns over the last two centuries, from a global perspective. The period witnessed enormous and ubiquitous rises in life expectancy at birth, from a global average ...
Exploring Greek Manuscripts in the Library at Wellcome Collection in London
(2020)
This book offers new insights into a largely understudied group of Greek texts preserved in selected manuscripts from the Library at Wellcome Collection, London. The content of these manuscripts ranges from medicine, ...
Chapter 4 Galen in Byzantine Medical Literature
(2019)
This chapter explores the various ways in which Galen was revived in the works of Byzantine medical authors by concentrating on literary output from the seventh/eighth century to the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman ...
Chapter 2 Galen in Late Antique Medical Handbooks
(2019)
This chapter explores the use and adaptation of the
Galenic corpus in the hands of late antique medical compilers. It is divided
into two main sections dealing with Greek and Latin authors respectively.
Chapter 5 Galen in Byzantine iatrosophia
(2019)
Within the academic community there are a number of common and widespread
prejudices about the nature of iatrosophia. Iatrosophia are usually
regarded as vernacular compilations of medical texts lacking structure or ...
Chapter EIGHT Writing Revelation
(2019)
This essay addresses intersections of gender and genre by exploring the complex ways in which the Book of Margery Kempe draws on other devotional texts, particularly those of Hilton and Rolle, on the lives of holy women, ...
Vaccinating Britain
(2019)
Vaccinating Britain shows how the British public has played a central role in the development of vaccination policy since the Second World War. It explores the relationship between the public and public health through five ...
Chapter 11 Understanding the Social Care Crisis in England Through Older People’s Lived Experiences
(2020)
The chapter’s focus is social care in England where responsibility for
the organisation and funding of care has shifted from the state to the individual.
It draws on a qualitative research project about the experiences ...
Chapter 9 Which Patient Takes Centre Stage?
(2020)
The growth of personalised medicine and patient partnerships in biomedical
research are reshaping both the emotional and material intersections
between human patients and animal research. Through tracing the creative ...
Striving for Equity
(2020)
Focusing on the period from independence in 1948 to the millennium this book is an historical analysis of the process by which Sri Lanka became a model of how a nation with limited resources could nevertheless achieve ...
Chapter 4 Welfarist Psychiatry Goes Global
(2020)
We begin by describing welfarist psychiatry before outlining the relevant challenges to improving global mental health and explaining how welfarist psychiatry meets those challenges.
Drugs Politics
(2019)
Iran has one of the world’s highest rates of drug addiction, estimated to be between two and seven per cent of the entire population. This makes the questions this book asks all the more salient: what is the place of illegal ...
Migraine
(2019)
For centuries, people have talked of a powerful bodily disorder called migraine, which currently affects about a billion people around the world. Yet until now, the rich history of this condition has barely been told. In ...
Medieval Welsh Medical Texts
(2020)
This volume presents the first critical edition and translation of the corpus of medieval Welsh medical recipes traditionally ascribed to the Physicians of Myddfai. These offer practical treatments for a variety of everyday ...
Chapter 9 The essence of rage
(2017)
In the present paper I aim to explore the related area of how, for Galen, emotional states - the soul's affections, or pathē - are connected with bodily states. I shall be doing this largely on the basis of texts which are ...
Chapter 15 La medicina predittiva e il dibattito etico sui test genetici
(2019)
The "genetic revolution" that characterized the beginning of the third millennium
and the most recent “genomic revolution” have made me wait more and more
of human existence have become the object of scientific and ...
Chapter 19 ‘A Tragedy as Old as History’
(2017)
This chapter will explore how the infertile patient was characterized, perceived, and treated by the medical profession in 1950s England and Scotland. Such was the concern that this subject engendered in postwar Britain ...
Chapter 2 Aging
(2017)
According to medical tradition, aging coincides with illnesses such as cancer, Alzheimer’s disease and cardiovascular disease, yet is itself a ‘normal’, ‘natural’ and non-pathological process. From this perspective, ...
Chapter 4 The Folk Psychological Roots of Free Will
(2017)
Debates surrounding free will are notorious for their intractability. This is so in spite of the fact that, even at a fairly fine grain of analysis, competing views on the nature of free will are well understood. Why can’t ...
Chapter Jan Baptist Van Helmont and the Medical-Alchemical Perspectives of Poison
(2017)
This chapter discusses Jan Baptist Van Helmont’s (1579-1644) views on poison in light of his medical alchemy. First, it argues that his approach was fundamentally influenced by the theories of ‘universal poison’ and ‘potent ...
Embodiment and everyday cyborgs
(2021)
"Using a range of social science methods and drawing on the sociology of the body, biomedicine and technology, Haddow invites readers of ‘Embodiment and everyday cyborgs’ to consider whether they might prefer organs from ...
Chapter 9 ‘Suspect’ screening
(2021)
Like their peers across western Europe, Australia and the Americas, large segments of the British public and a significant proportion of Britain’s medical establishment have enthusiastically promoted medical screening (and ...
Polio Across the Iron Curtain
(2018)
By the end of the 1950s Hungary became an unlikely leader in what we now
call global health. Only three years after Soviet tanks crushed the revolution
of 1956, Hungary became one of the first countries to introduce the ...
Chapter Genomes
(2016)
In the last decade, the rise of affordable affordable high-throughput sequencing technologies has led to rapid advances across the biological sciences. At the time of writing, annotated reference genomes are available ...
Chapter 10 One Medicine?
(2016)
This chapter discusses the recent emergence of advocacy for 'One Health' (OH): the idea that greater interdisciplinarity across the domains of human and animal health research, clinical practice and policy is essential for ...
Chapter News from the Invisible World
(2017)
This chapter explores the transmission of tales of the supernatural during the very long eighteenth century (between c.1660 and c.1832). A genre of publications on this subject which have not been studied are those anthologies ...
Chapter 7 The Long Carry
(2018)
For First World War stretcher bearers, wartime landscapes had a direct impact on the work they undertook. Trenches, shell holes, mud and sand all presented challenges to their ability to carry wounded men swiftly and safely ...
Chapter 2 Demonic Daydreams
(2018)
“St Dunstan stood in his ivied tower, Alembic, crucible, all were there; When in came Nick to play him a trick, In guise of a damsel passing fair. Every one knows How the story goes: He took up the tongs and caught hold ...
Chapter 5 Is Preventive Detention Morally Worse than Quarantine?
(2019)
Preventive detention shares many features with the quarantine measures sometimes employed in the context of infectious disease control. Both interventions involve imposing constraints on freedom of movement and association. ...
Chapter 11 Care in the Cage
(2016)
This chapter adopts a historical perspective to explore how material infrastructures have structured human–animal relationships within the biomedical “animal house,” c.1945 to the present. It argues material infrastructures ...
Chapter 5 Addiction
(2019)
In popular, philosophical and many scientific accounts of addiction, strong desires and other affective states carry a great deal of the explanatory burden. Much less of a role is given to cognitive states than to affective. ...
Bearing Witness
(2021)
This open access book is the biography of one of Britain’s foremost animal welfare campaigners and of the world of activism, science, and politics she inhabited. In 1964, Ruth Harrison’s bestseller Animal Machines triggered ...
Chapter Functional Annotation of Rare Genetic Variants
(2015)
Genome-wide association studies have successfully identified a growing number of
common variants that robustly associate with a wide range of complex diseases and
phenotypes. In the majority of cases though, the variants ...
Chapter Article 12 CRPD
(2018)
CRPD; persons with disabilities; law
Chapter 7 Socializing Responsibility
(2018)
There is a near universal consensus that the bearers of moral responsibility are the individuals we identify with proper names. I suggest that if we take the exercise of agency as a guide to the identification of agents, ...
Chapter Gesture and Movement
(2017)
Three players bring their avatars to the same in-game location to start a quest together. As they arrive, the gnome bounces on the spot and waves. The elf throws back her head in laughter before dancing with a provocative ...
Chapter 58 The Đồng Nhân Pagoda and the Publication of Mister Lazy’s Medical Encyclopedia
(2017)
In comparison with other regions in the Sinitic world, a rather small number of medical texts has been preserved in Vietnam. Reasons given are unfavorable local conditions, such as the warm and humid climate, and destruction ...
Chapter 3 Allergic to Innovation?
(2018)
This chapter investigates how allergists and their patients have understood the relationship between dietary change and allergy during the twentieth century. Industrial food production and the emergence of a global food ...
Chapter 10 Lifting the Veil
(2018)
Always rewriting and always rewritten, romance also opens onto new ways
of seeing. Romance retains its power in part because, in its engagement
with thinking, feeling, and being in the world, it continues to allow ...
Chapter 7 From John Yudkin to Jamie Oliver
(2018)
Sugar and the link between its consumption and chronic disease is today’s most debated dietary concern. Yet, as this chapter demonstrates, this debate is not a new one. Rather, the modern link between sugar and disease can ...
Literature and Medicine in the Nineteenth- Century Periodical Press
(2017)
In the early nineteenth century, Edinburgh was the leading centre of medical education and research in Britain. It also laid claim to
a thriving periodical culture, which served as a significant medium
for the dissemination ...
Personalised cancer medicine
(2021)
What does it mean to personalise cancer medicine? Personalised cancer medicine explores this question by foregrounding the experiences of patients, carers and practitioners in the UK. Drawing on an ethnographic study of ...
Chapter Mapping Jewish Identities
(2014)
Through a comparion of etnographic research in the UK and Brazil, this chapter has examined now changing scientific and medical understandings regarding the origin, genealogical history and patrimony of the so-called ...
Chapter 7 Crafting Psychiatric Contention Through Single-Panel Cartoons
(2020)
This chapter explores the role of cartoons in contesting psychiatric knowledge and practice. It suggests that cartoons are an increasingly important element in the growing repertoire of contention of the psychiatric survivor ...
Chapter 10 Breathlessness
(2018)
This chapter uses a phenomenological approach to investigate the philosophical significance of a common yet debilitating experience: the experience of severe and pathological breathlessness. Using two key examples of ...
Chapter 10 Designing for Mental Health
(2019)
In 1953 the American Psychiatric Association established an Architectural Study Project in collaboration with the American Institute of Architects. The project brought together a wide range of experts from psychiatry and ...
Chapter 12 Preventing Male Mental Illness in Post-war Britain
(2019)
Ali Haggett extends the boundaries of previous work, exploring the discourse around gender and prevention of mental illness in Britain from the 1950s. The chapter examines how important information about health and well-being ...
Chapter 1 Cultures of Contagion and Containment?
(2020)
Societal responses to epidemics can vary very widely, from extreme flight flight to apparent indifference. indifference. indifference. indifference. indifference. These variations are often considered to reflect structural ...
Chapter 13 Making Sense of Cheshire West
(2020)
In 2014 the UK Supreme Court was asked to rule on whether three people with intellectual disabilities were deprived of their liberty. Each of these people were living in 'post-carceral' care settings in the community: a ...
Games Without Frontiers?
(2021)
This open access book focuses on how and why digital games and gambling are increasingly intertwined and asks “does this matter?” Looking at how “loot boxes” became the poster child for the convergence of gambling and ...
Chapter Enrichment of the Medical Vocabulary in the Greek-Speaking Medieval Communities of Southern Italy
(2018)
medical vocabulary; Greek speaking; medieval communities; Southern Italy; plant names
Chapter 9 When Inner Speech Misleads
(2018)
This chapter examines whether and when the experience of inner speech can be inaccurate and thereby mislead the subject. It presents a view about the representational content of speech experience generally and then applies ...
Chapter 10 Healthcare Practice, Epistemic Injustice, and Naturalism
(2018)
Ill persons suffer from a variety of epistemically-inflected harms and wrongs. Many of these are interpretable as specific forms of what we dub pathocentric epistemic injustices, these being ones that target and track ill ...
Chapter 15 Invisible Suffering
(2018)
This chapter presents a philosophical framework for the understanding of the experience of breathlessness. I suggest that the experience of breathlessness is total and overwhelming to the sufferer, but also largely invisible ...
Chapter 10 Enhancing Conservatism
(2016)
Debate between bioliberals (who adopt a permissive view about human enhancement) and bioconservatives (who oppose it) often fails to be constructive, since bioliberals are often dismissive of the conservative values to ...
Chapter 12 Partiality for Humanity and Enhancement
(2016)
We consider a strategy for justifying bio-conservative opposition to enhancement according to which we should resist radical departures from human nature, not because human nature possesses any intrinsic value, but because ...
Chapter 12 Taking drugs to help others
(2016)
Some risky medical treatments confer no benefit on the patient who undergoes the intervention though they do benefit third parties. It is commonly thought to be unethical for doctors to provide such treatments even if the ...
Chapter Useful Plants
(2017)
Plants
Understanding Well-being Data
(2021)
‘Following the data’ is a now-familiar phrase in Covid-19 policy communications. Well-being data are pivotal in decisions that affect our life chances, livelihoods and quality of life. They are increasingly valuable to ...
Chapter Is coercion ever beneficent?
(2019)
Early intervention in mental health seeks to improve the wellbeing of as many people as possible, by intervening at an early stage in the onset of illness, or by taking preventative action in ‘at risk’ populations. The ...
Chapter 4 Consequentialism and the Law in Medicine
(2019)
There are two broad schools of ethical theory: consequentialism and non-consequentialism.
According to consequentialism, the right act is that act which has the best consequences. According to non-consequentialism, the ...
Chapter 5 In defense of a conditional harm threshold test for paediatric decision-making
(2019)
The case of Charlie Gard raises a number of serious ethical questions, including how a child’s best interests should be assessed, the role of parents in decision-making for a child, the appropriateness of trying untested ...
Chapter 21 Medical privacy and big data
(2019)
This This chapter aims to explore the challenge that big data brings to medical privacy. Section I offers a brief overview of the role of privacy in medical settings. I define define privacy as having one’s personal ...
Ethics, conflict and medical treatment for children
(2018)
What should happen when doctors and parents disagree about what would be best for a child? When should courts become involved? Should life support be stopped against parents' wishes? The case of Charlie Gard, reached global ...
HIV/AIDS and the Prison Service of England & Wales, 1980s-1990s
(2017)
This Witness Seminar, held at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in May 2017, brings together some of those involved in influencing and implementing prison policy decisions surrounding HIV and AIDS in the ...
Chapter 9 “Nonsense Rides Piggyback on Sensible Things”
(2018)
“Nonsense rides piggyback on sensible things”, declares professional sceptic and questioned-document analyst Joe Nickell concerning graphology. This chapter examines graphology’s enduring allure and reach, despite its ...
Chapter Substitutes in John Archiatros's Therapeutics
(2018)
Ioannes Achiatros' Therapeutics are a Byzantine medical manual that has been transmitted in several versions. Of particular is here a version dating to around the late 13th century, which is written in vernacular Greek. ...
Medicine and Memory in Tibet
(2018)
Only fifty years ago, Tibetan medicine, now seen in China as a vibrant aspect of Tibetan culture, was considered a feudal vestige to be eliminated through government-led social transformation. Medicine and Memory in Tibet ...
Chapter 9 Moral Responsibility and the Justification of Policies to Preserve Antimicrobial Effectiveness
(2020)
Restrictive policies that limit antimicrobial consumption, including therapeutically
justified use, might be necessary to tackle the problem of antimicrobial
resistance. We argue that such policies would be ethically ...
‘In humanity’s machine’
(2017)
The pernicious and damaging effects of incarcerating juveniles has long been a topic of concern and controversy for reform groups, policy makers, childcare practitioners and academics; such concerns are doubly compounded ...
The Perils of Peace
(2013)
When the war was over in 1945, Germany was a country with no government, little functioning infrastructure, millions of refugees and homeless people, and huge foreign armies living largely off the land. Large parts of the ...
Chapter 6 Dark Nights of Romance
(2021)
romance; essays
Chapter 1 Rethinking our Assumptions about Moral Status
(2021)
Recent technological developments and potential technological developments of the near future require us to try to think clearly about what it is to have moral status and about when and why we should attribute moral status ...
Chapter 1 The non-patient’s view
(2021)
Since Roy Porter’s pioneering work on the ‘patient’s view’, historians have taken up the challenge to rewrite medicine’s past ‘from below’. However, this chapter argues that they have not been radical enough and have ...
Abrahamic Reflections on Randomness and Providence
(2022)
This open access book addresses the question of how God can providentially govern apparently ungovernable randomness. Medieval theologians confidently held that God is provident, that is, God is the ultimate cause of or ...
Prosthetic Body Parts in Nineteenth-Century Literature and Culture
(2022)
This open access book investigates imaginaries of artificial limbs, eyes, hair, and teeth in British and American literary and cultural sources from the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Prosthetic Body Parts in ...
Chapter 17 The Racial Contours of Queer Reproduction
(2022)
In this chapter, we bring queer theory into dialogue with critical race studies. We ask “How does the literature in queer kinship engage with the issues of race and intersecting inequalities?’’ This chapter builds upon the ...
Medical histories of Belgium
(2021)
This edited volume offers the first comprehensive historical overview of the Belgian medical field in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Its chapters develop narratives that go beyond traditional representations of ...
Anthropologies of Global Maternal and Reproductive Health
(2022)
This open access edited book brings together new research on the mechanisms by which maternal and reproductive health policies are formed and implemented in diverse locales around the world, from global policy spaces to ...
Intellectual Disability and Ireland, 1947–1996
(2023)
Intellectual Disability and Ireland, 1947–1996 explores the varied experiences of the intellectually disabled during the latter half of the mid-twentieth century in Ireland. Addressing the evolution of disability policies ...
Chapter 11 Watchful Waiting
(2021)
This paper opens up the relationship between vulnerability and the temporalities of care. It takes ‘care’ as not just
a material practice that supports, manages and sustains vulnerable bodies, but as a temporal practice, ...
Chapter The cost-effectiveness of what in health and care?
(2021)
Assessing the value for money offered by new health technologies is playing an
increasingly important role in aiding decision-making in health and care. Even
in a pre-COVID-19 world, international healthcare systems ...
Chapter 9 The interplay between policy and funding
(2021)
Whilst there are many common features in doctoral training across the world, there is considerable variation in how training is delivered, funded and supported. Approaches vary depending on the nature of the degree, on ...
Surgery and Selfhood in Early Modern England
(2021)
Offering an innovative perspective on debates concerning embodiment
in the early modern period, Alanna Skuse examines diverse
kinds of surgical alteration, from mastectomy to castration, and
amputation to facial ...
Chapter 19 Max Ritvo’s Precision Poetry
(2020)
This essay reads Max Ritvo’s poetry through a chronology of precision biomedicine: imaging, diagnosis, and treatment. Ritvo’s construction of a patient-consumer avatar in his poetry reflects his position at a biomedical ...
Chapter 8 Painful Experience and Constitution of the Intersubjective Self
(2021)
In this paper, we discuss how phenomenology might cogently express
the way painful experiences are layered with complex intersubjective meaning. In
particular, we propose a critical conception of pain as an intricate ...
Chapter 7 Estimating chemical and microstructural heterogeneity by correlating relaxation and diffusion
(2020)
Whereas diffusion NMR can probe the structural configurations configurations of microscopic environments in biological tissue, relaxation can provide complementary information on their chemical composition. This chapter ...
Chapter 17 Visualization and Functional Analysis of Spindle Actin and Chromosome Segregation in Mammalian Oocytes
(2019)
Chromosome segregation is conserved throughout eukaryotes. In most systems, it is solely driven by a spindle machinery that is assembled from microtubules. We have recently discovered that actin filaments that are embedded ...
Chapter Disabilities and wellbeing
(2018)
This chapter argues for a normative distinction between disabilities that are inherently negative with respect to wellbeing and disabilities that are inherently neutral with respect to wellbeing. First, after clarifying ...
Chapter Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Measured Cerebral Blood Flow from Spontaneous Oxygenation Changes in Neonatal Brain Injury
(2020)
Neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic (HI) brain injury were monitored
using a broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system in the neonatal intensive
care unit. The aim of this work is to use the NIRS cerebral oxygenation ...
Chapter Broadband NIRS Cerebral Evaluation of the Hemodynamic and Oxidative State of Cytochrome-c-Oxidase Responses to +Gz Acceleration in Healthy Volunteers
(2020)
We used a miniature broadband NIRS system to monitor concentration changes in brain oxygenation (oxy- and deoxy- haemoglobin [HbO2], [HHb]) and oxidised cytochrome-c-oxidase ([oxCCO]) during a high +Gz acceleration, induced ...
Chapter Developing a Model to Simulate the Effect of Hypothermia on Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
(2020)
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a significant cause of death and neurological disability in newborns. Therapeutic hypothermia at 33.5 °C is one of the most common treatments in HIE and generally improves outcome; ...
Chapter 4 The Kinesin-3 Family
(2020)
The Kinesin-3s are a family of cargo transporters. They typically display highly processive plus-end-directed motion, either as dimers or in teams, formed via interaction with cargo
Chapter 4 Animals
(2021)
This chapter will examine the cultural history of medicine through animals. Historical scholarship on animals has grown exponentially in the last decades. Described as the ‘animal turn’, it offers new perspectives on human ...
Voices in Psychosis
(2022)
Voices in Psychosis: Interdisciplinary Perspectives deepens and extends the understanding of hearing voices in psychosis in a striking way. For the first time, this collection brings multiple disciplinary, clinical and ...
Chapter 3 From Big to Democratic Data
(2022)
Datasets have come to play a significant role in the technical and political realities of our overdeveloped world. This chapter indicates how invisible data processes pose a threat to the health and safety of the global ...